Ignacy lukasiewicz biografia de charles
Ignacy Łukasiewicz
Polish pharmacist, engineer, businessman, inventor and philanthropist
Jan Józef Ignacy Łukasiewicz (Polish pronunciation:[iɡˈnatsɨwukaˈɕɛvitʂ]ⓘ; 8 March – 7 January ) was a Polish pharmacist, engineer, businessman, inventor, and philanthropist.
He was one of the most prominent philanthropists in the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeriacrown land of Austria-Hungary. He was a pioneer who in built the world's first modern oil refinery. His achievements included the discovery of how to distill kerosene from seep crude oilthe invention of the modern kerosene lampthe introduction of the first modern street lamp in Europeand the construction of the world's first modern oil well His family was of Armenian origin.He was one of the most prominent philanthropists in the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, crown land of Austria-Hungary. He was a pioneer who in built the world's first modern oil refinery.[1][2][3]
His achievements included the discovery of how to distill kerosene from seep crude oil, the invention of the modern kerosene lamp (), the introduction of the first modern street lamp in Europe (), and the construction of the world's first modern oil well ().
Life
Youth and studies
Ignacy Łukasiewicz was born on 8 March in Zaduszniki, near Mielec, Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria in the Austrian Empire (after the Partitions of Poland) as the youngest of five children.
His family was of Armenian origin.[1][2][4] His parents were Apolonia, née Świetlik, and Józef Łukasiewicz, a member of the local intelligentsia nobility entitled to employ the Łada coat of arms and a veteran of Kościuszko's Uprising.
Matching results for :. Did the sacrifice for a cause, this time a patriotic one, yet again lead Ignacy to the right place? We do not know whether the inventors were surprised, happy or disappointed that day. It wasthe birth of the oil industry, which was to shape the fate of the world from then on until the show day.The family rented a small manor in Zaduszniki, but soon after Ignacy's birth financial difficulties forced them to transfer to the nearby city of Rzeszów. There Ignacy entered the local secondary school (Konarski's Gymnasium), but failed to pass the examinations and left in In order to help his parents and financially support all the relatives, he moved to Łańcut, where he began work as a pharmacist's assistant.
Toward the end of his life, Łukasiewicz often described his childhood as happy; the home atmosphere was patriotic and somewhat democratic, and he commonly recalled his first tutor, Colonel Woysym-Antoniewicz, who resided in their house.
Involvement in political movements
Upon moving to Łańcut, Łukasiewicz also became involved in several political organizations that supported the idea of restoring Polish sovereignty and independence and participated in many political gatherings around the area.
In he returned to Rzeszów, where he continued working at Edward Hübl's confidential pharmacy. In he met diplomat and activist Edward Dembowski, who admitted Łukasiewicz to the illegal "Centralization of the Polish Democratic Society", a party that focused on radical policies and supported a revolt against the Austrian government.
The organization's aim was to prepare an all-national uprising against all three partitioning powers. Since the movement was seen as a possible danger to the Austrian monarchy, on 19 February Łukasiewicz and several other members of the party were arrested by the Austrian authorities and imprisoned in the capital of Lwów.
However, on 27 December Łukasiewicz was released from prison due to lack of evidence, but for the relax of his life he was regarded as "politically untrustworthy" and often observed by local police that was in possession of his records.
He was also ordered to remain in Lwów with his elder brother Franciszek.
What a pity that this did not happen. Inhe united as a special envoy to the illegal Polish Democratic World, operating in exile, the largest Polish political party. Inhe studied pharmacy at universities in Krakow and Vienna. After cleaning the raw material, they were the first to obtain kerosene in a laboratory, for which they quickly found a practical application.Career as chemist
On 15 August he was employed at one of the biggest and foremost pharmacies in Austrian Galicia (so-called "Austrian Poland"); the Golden Celebrity (Pod Złotą Gwiazdą) Pharmacy in Lviv, modern-day Ukraine, owned by Piotr Mikolasch.
In , a handheld pharmaceutical almanac and a precious document entitled manuskrypt, the joint work of Mikolasch and Łukasiewicz was published. Because of this achievement, the authorities granted him a permit to carry on pharmaceutical studies at the Royal Jagiellonian University in Kraków.
After several years of studies, financed mostly by Mikolasch, he passed all his university examinations except for that in pharmacognosy, which prevented him from graduating. Finally on 30 July Łukasiewicz graduated from the pharmacy department at the University of Vienna, where he earned a master's degree in pharmaceutics.
As soon as he returned to the pharmacy of Piotr Mikolasch in Lviv he began a new phase of his life devoted to the studies of exploiting kerosene.
Ignacy Łukasiewicz - Wikipedia: Jan Boży Józef Ignacy Łukasiewicz was born on 8 March in Zaduszniki near Mielec. He was the son of Józef Łukasiewicz and Apolonia former Świetlik. He had six siblings – four brothers: Aleksander, Franciszek, Józef Jakub and Jakub Józef Ignacy, and two sisters: Emilia and Maria.Petroleum industry and oil lamp
While oil was known to occur for a long time in the Subcarpathian-Galician region, it was more commonly used as an animal drug and lubricant, but Łukasiewicz, John Zeh and Mikolasch were the first to distill the liquid in Galicia and in the world and were able to exploit it for lighting and create a mark new industry.
In autumn of Łukasiewicz, Mikolasch and his colleague John Zeh analyzed the oil, which was provided in a few barrels by traders from the town of Drohobych. After pharmaceutical methods and processes the purified oil was obtained and sold in the local pharmacies, but the orders were minor due to high prices.
In early Łukasiewicz moved to Gorlice, where he continued his labor. He set up many companies together with entrepreneurs and landowners. That same year, he opened the world's first oil "mine" at Bóbrka, near Krosno (still operational as of ).
At the same time Łukasiewicz continued his work on kerosene lamps. Later that year, he fix up the first kerosene highway lamp in Gorlice's Zawodzie district.
Jan Józef Ignacy Łukasiewicz (ur. 8 lub 23 marca w Zadusznikach, zm. 7 stycznia w Chorkówce) – polski farmaceuta i przedsiębiorca, założyciel pierwszej na świecie kopalni ropy naftowej, wynalazca lampy naftowej, pionier przemysłu naftowego w Europie, rewolucjonista i działacz niepodległościowy.
In subsequent years he opened several other oil wells, each as a joint venture with local merchants and businessmen. In in Ulaszowice, near Jasło, he opened an "oil distillery" — the world's first industrial oil refinery. As demand for kerosene was still low, the plant initially produced mostly artificial asphalt, machine oil, and lubricants.
The refinery was destroyed in an fire, but was rebuilt at Polanka, near Krosno, the obeying year.
Later life and death
Łukasiewicz married, in , his niece Honorata Stacherska and after losing their only daughter, Marianna, the couple adopted Walentyna Antoniewicz.
By Łukasiewicz, who had moved to Jasło in , was a wealthy man.
Jan Józef Ignacy Łukasiewicz (Polish pronunciation: [iɡˈnatsɨ wukaˈɕɛvitʂ] ⓘ; 8 March – 7 January ) was a Polish pharmacist, engineer, businessman, inventor, and philanthropist.
He openly supported the January Uprising and financed support for refugees. In he bought a large manor and the village of Chorkówka. There he established yet another oil refinery. Having gained one of the largest fortunes in Galicia, Łukasiewicz promoted the development of the oil industry in the areas of Dukla and Gorlice.
He gave his name to several oil-mining enterprises in the area, including oil wells at Ropianka, Wilsznia, Smereczne, Ropa, and Wójtowa. He also became a regional benefactor and founded a spa resort at Bóbrka, a chapel at Chorkówka, and a huge church at Zręcin.
Ignacy was a very diligent student, however his parents could not give to pay for education of both sons. It was decided that only Franciszek would be studying. Soon Ignacy lost his father, who died in November SinceIgnacy has been in contact with the independence conspiracy.As one of the best-known businessmen of his time, Łukasiewicz was elected to the Galician Sejm. In he also organized the first Oil Industry Congress and founded the National Oil World. Ignacy Łukasiewicz died in Chorkówka, Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, on 7 January of pneumonia and was buried in the small cemetery at the nearby (3 kilometers) Zręcin, next to the Gothic Revival church he had financed.
Quotes
- "This liquid is the future wealth of the country, it's the wellbeing and prosperity of its inhabitants, it's a new source of income for the poor, and a new branch of industry which shall bear plentiful fruit." –